{"schema_version":"ICEQC_NEWS_ARTICLE_V1","id":"iceqc-news-c3a8071823c88a4a","slug":"2018-09-11-inclusive-competence-development-what-constitutes-adequate-evidence","language":"en","publication_status":"READY_FOR_IMPORT","publication_date":"2018-09-11","last_modified_date":"2018-09-11","title":"Inclusive competence development: what constitutes adequate evidence","summary":"Explains how inclusive competence development: what constitutes adequate evidence should be applied in practice.","category":{"code":"STANDARDS_INTERPRETATION","label":"Standards Interpretation"},"article_type":"Standards interpretation","publisher":"International Council for Education Quality Certification (ICEQC)","jurisdictional_scope":"International","historical_reference_basis":"2018 key competences framework","reference_authority":"Relevant public authorities and official international sources","sections":[{"heading":null,"paragraphs":["The 2018 key competences framework provides the immediate context for inclusive competence development. A decision concerning the stated expectation should recognise that consistent application requires a clear distinction between the required result, recommended methods and examples that may assist implementation. The control response should be sufficient to protect learners while avoiding burdens not justified by the evidence.","The instrument identified by the 2018 key competences framework provides a formal policy reference for the assurance question. In relation to inclusive competence development, this distinction protects learners from overstated claims and enables providers to plan against a defined obligation."]},{"heading":"Applicable scope","paragraphs":["The system and institutional dimensions of inclusive competence development should be considered together. For the stated expectation, assessment should provide valid and sufficiently consistent evidence that the stated learning outcomes have been achieved by the learner receiving the result. The regulatory setting is determined by public authorities, but responsibility for controlled provision remains with the provider. Each level should be able to demonstrate the decisions and controls for which it is accountable.","The analysis of the issue under review should make its decision rule explicit. Oversight of the relevant requirement should reflect the principle that evidence should be relevant to the stated requirement, sufficiently complete for the affected scope, current for the decision period and attributable to a source with knowledge or control of the matter. Volume does not cure a gap in relevance. This supports consistent review and reduces the risk of redefining the basis of judgement after an adverse result appears.","A proper review of the control should establish the intended outcome before selecting controls or indicators. The analysis of the stated expectation proceeds on the basis that a provider should be able to trace the expectation from approved policy through implementation, monitoring, identified exceptions and corrective action. A chosen approach should be justified against its context, with departures and review points under documented control.","Relevant evidence for the relevant requirement will normally include authorship and identity controls proportionate to risk, moderation and exception records, appeal and correction records, assessment maps to learning outcomes, and marking criteria and calibrated judgement. In relation to inclusive competence development, the record should retain disagreement between sources until its cause and effect are understood."],"bullets":["Moderate material variation.","Control changes.","Review differential and anomalous results.","Calibrate assessors.","Define the decision each assessment must support."]},{"heading":"Implementation and evidence","paragraphs":["A narrow control over inclusive competence development may create false assurance. In the present context, reasonable adjustment altering the assessed outcome, uncontrolled changes to assessment and tasks that do not assess the stated outcome may produce acceptable aggregate reporting while individual learners remain exposed to material disadvantage.","A proportionate method is available for the issue under review. A competent review of the assurance question should define the proposition to be established, identify the minimum combination of records, test authenticity and reconcile contradictions. Expand the sample where an exception, complaint or material unexplained variation indicates that the initial evidence may not be representative. Contrary evidence should not be removed merely because aggregate performance appears acceptable.","The final record on the stated expectation should identify the applicable expectation, the relevant scope, the evidence examined, the sampling basis, material exceptions and the reason for the conclusion. If an alternative method is accepted, the record should demonstrate that it achieves the same required outcome. The affected scope should remain open where a material limitation prevents assurance.","The analysis of the issue under review should remain within the limits of the evidence. In reviewing the control, the volume of documentation is not a measure of conformity. Relevance, integrity and coverage are more important than the number of records produced. A decision concerning the relevant requirement should recognise that reliability without validity produces consistent but potentially irrelevant results. Validity without adequate consistency may expose learners to unequal judgement.","Accountability and effective correction both depend on a record that can be followed from evidence to decision. For the relevant requirement, the responsible body should be able to identify the evidence considered, the judgement made, the person or body authorised to make it and the action that followed. Historical decisions should be assessed against the information then available, with later amendments separately dated and explained.","For the issue under review, governing bodies should receive a concise account of the intended result, affected scope, principal risks, evidence limitations and unresolved exceptions. An action may be complete while the underlying condition remains, and the two determinations should be recorded separately.","The measure of progress on the control is not the amount of policy or documentation produced."]}],"word_count":754,"content_hash":"sha256-d860476c3e0adf1813a265871faa5e4c273e9ca87b1a65c1a7dd196ab3e5490a","seo_keywords":["inclusive competence development","education quality standards","education quality","ICEQC"],"schema_type":"TechArticle"}